Regaliz / Liquorice

El regaliz (Glycyrrhiza glabra) es una planta utilizada a lo largo dela historia por su sabor dulce y por sus efectos medicinales. La raízse usa para tratar la inflamación gingival, la dispepsia, esofagitis,úlceras gástricas y duodenales, trastornos respiratorios, dismenorreay fiebre. El principio activo es la Glycirrhizina o Glicirricina, queen el intestino se convierte en Ácido glicirretínico; éste se absorbey modifica algunas de las moléculas que intervienen en el metabolismodel cortisol, aumentando su actividad sobre los tejidos diana.De esta situación se derivan importantes efectos adversos tales comoretención de sodio, hipokalemia, hipertensión, alcalosis metabólica,rabdomiolisis y disminución de la actividad de la renina.Además existen descritos casos de nacimientos pretérmino y conbajo peso asociados al consumo continuado de regaliz

Liquorice “Glycyrrhiza glabra” is a plant that has been used throughouthistory for its sweet taste and medicinal effects. The rootis used to treat gingival inflammation, dyspepsia, esophagitis,gastric and duodenal ulcers, respiratory disturbances, dysmenorrhoeaand fever. The active ingredient is Glycirrhizina that changesinto glycyrrhetinic acid in the intestine. When this acid is absorbed,it modifies some of the molecules that intervene in the metabolismof cortisol, increasing its activity on the target tissue. Fromthis situation, some important adverse effects are derived such assodium retention, hypokalemia, hypertension, metabolic alkalosis,rabdomyolisis and decreased rennin activity. Furthermore, thereare several cases of low weight preterm births associated with thecontinued consumption of liquorice

Toxicity study of an antidipsotropic Chinese herbal mixture in rats: NPI-028.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the potential toxicity and safety of the Chinese herbal medicine NPI-028 in rats following subchronic (3-month) exposure via daily oral consumption. DESIGN: Subchronic toxicity was evaluated in four groups of rats (n = 10 per group) receiving NPI-028 orally at a dose of either 0.0 (normal diet control), 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 g/kg, ingested as part of their daily diet for 3 months. NPI-028 was incorporated into powdered rat chow diet as a specific percent of the total diet provided each day. The primary active isoflavone content of NPI-028 (puerarin) used in the rat diet was also determined. OUTCOME MEASURES: Subchronic toxicity was assessed over a 3-month period by biweekly measurement of water and food intake, weight gain, and visual inspection for maintenance of grooming and normal behavior. At the end of the study period rats were euthanized and blood was obtained for hematologic and chemical analysis. Organs were removed for histopathologic examination. RESULTS: Rats in all three NPI-028 dose groups were similar to the control group in weight gain, food intake, and water intake over the study period. Hematology, blood chemistries, and organ histology in rats at all three NPI-028 doses did not significantly differ from control rats. Minor exceptions were elevated urea nitrogen values at all NPI-028 doses, and increased triglyceride and thyroid-stimulating hormone values in the lowest NPI-028 dose-treated group. Puerarin (used as a dietary isoflavone marker) content of NPI-028 was 26 mg/g dry weight. CONCLUSIONS: NPI-028 ingested orally at doses up to 2.0 g/kg per day in the rat diet for up to 3 months resulted in normal growth with no changes in hematologic or hepatic parameters, and only minor alterations in renal and blood chemistry parameters. There was no evidence of abnormal histology. These data suggest the long-term daily oral consumption of NPI-028 as a part of the daily diet for 3 months, at the doses studied, is safe in rats. Thus, NPI-028 may potentially be safe for clinical use as an antidipsotropic agent.